Democratic Values in Times of Radical Change: A Comparison at the Local Level between Lithuania, Belarus, Russia, Sweden and the Netherlands

Abstract

This paper addresses the question how policy-values among policy makers change in times of turbulence. In five
countries, experiencing radical political change in the last ten years the change in policy values is measured and
related to the succession of local policy makers, in terms of rejuvenation, generational succession and period-effects.
The research is based on a survey conducted in 1989, and repeated in 1996 and 2000 among politicians and senior
administrators at the local level in Sweden, the Netherlands, Russia, Lithuania and Belarus. The conclusion is that it
are first and foremost period effects that account for the attitude change among local policy makers. This can be
explained by the development of the urgency of policy problems, through these periods.